Public Health Minister Pattana Promphat has elaborated on the government's decision to temporarily lift the ban on alcohol sales between 2pm and 5pm, stressing that it will start with a six-month trial period.
That should allow sufficient time for authorities to monitor and evaluate the impact of the extended sales hours across health, social and economic dimensions, he said on Friday.
The National Alcohol Control Committee on Thursday recommended lifting the ban following a public outcry over new rules in the amended Alcoholic Beverage Control Act, which took effect on Nov 8.
For the first time, individuals can be fined 10,000 baht or more for drinking or being served during prohibited hours. Previously, the onus was on businesses to observe the rules.
The lifting of the afternoon ban is expected to take effect after a 15-day public consultation period, or around Dec 1.
The measure aims to balance economic interests with public health concerns, said Mr Pattana.
During the six-month trial period, provincial alcohol control committees will monitor the impacts of the change. Their findings — including benefits, drawbacks and recommendations — will be submitted to the national committee to inform future policy decisions, said the minister.
Zoning regulations under the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act will remain unchanged during the trial.
Some groups have raised legal questions about the legitimacy of the committee's decision on Thursday. But Mr Pattana said the law permits meetings to proceed with ex officio members even if expert members have not yet been appointed.
"The meeting was lawful and in accordance with the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act," he said.
Critics have questioned the absence of civil society and non-governmental representatives in the decision-making process. Mr Pattana acknowledged these concerns but emphasised that the law allows such meetings in urgent situations.
The urgency, he noted, stems from the need to prepare for the coming festive season, including New Year and Songkran in April, when alcohol consumption typically rises.
The Ministry of Tourism and Sports has expressed concern that Thailand's strict alcohol laws and high penalties could deter tourists.
"We need clarity, not just for local consumers but also for international visitors," Mr Pattana said, adding that several countries have raised concerns about the impact on their citizens.
As for drinking at night, the minister clarified that while customers may remain in establishments for one hour after the midnight sales cutoff, no additional alcohol may be sold during that time.
"This is to allow patrons time to finish their meals and return home safely," he said.
Establishments found selling alcohol beyond permitted hours will face penalties. To prevent violations, Mr Pattana urged vendors to demonstrate a clear intention to stop sales, such as dimming lights, turning off air-conditioning, or beginning to clean up.
"If you intend to keep selling, you will be penalised," he warned.
